Understand “Vaccinate” Through Etymology

Understand “Philippic” Through Etymology

What’s a 𝗽𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽𝗽𝗶𝗰? Why does this remind me of #kings, #electronics, and #horses?
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#1. 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗮𝗿𝗲 𝘆𝗼𝘂 𝘁𝗮𝗹𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮𝗯𝗼𝘂𝘁?
We’re talking about bitter, frictional, denouncing speeches about someone, and why that kind of speech is a 𝗽𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽𝗽𝗶𝗰!
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#2. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗘𝘁𝘆𝗺𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝘆
The word 𝗽𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽𝗽𝗶𝗰 comes from the Greek parts 𝗣𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽 (referring to “King Philip II – King of Macedon”) and -𝗶𝗰 (“related to”).
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#3. 𝗪𝗵𝗼 𝗻𝗮𝗺𝗲𝗱 𝗶𝘁? 𝗪𝗵𝗲𝗻?
1592, by G. Harvey
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#4. 𝗦𝗼 𝘄𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗱𝗼𝗲𝘀 𝗽𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽𝗽𝗶𝗰 𝗺𝗲𝗮𝗻? and 𝗪𝗵𝘆?
Demosthenes (legendary Greek orator) made speeches directed against King Philip II of Macedon (the father of Alexander the Great). These speeches came to be known as 𝙥𝙝𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙥𝙥𝙞𝙠𝙤𝙞 𝙡𝙤𝙜𝙤𝙞, or literally, “speeches relating to Philip”. In the 𝗺𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗿𝗻 𝘀𝗲𝗻𝘀𝗲, a philippic has retained only the “bitter, frictional, denouncing, defamatory speech” part of the meaning, and today the word carries no specific reference to King Philip II.
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#5. When you think 𝗽𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽𝗽𝗶𝗰 you should be reminded of:
A. 𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀 – because lots of kings were called 𝗣𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽 (here’s a list – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_(name))
B. 𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗰𝘀 – because 𝗣𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽𝘀 is a Dutch multinational conglomerate and one of the largest electronics companies
C. 𝗵𝗼𝗿𝘀𝗲𝘀 – because 𝗣𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽 = 𝗣𝗵𝗶𝗹 (love) + 𝗵𝗶𝗽𝗽 (horse) = 𝗮 𝗹𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝗼𝗳 𝗵𝗼𝗿𝘀𝗲𝘀, which is a name used to describe knights, as they used to train with their horses for long hours. See our post on 𝗣𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽 – https://logophilia.in/understand-philip-etymology
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#Logophilia #Etymology #English #Vocabulary #WhyIsItCalledPhilippic #EtymologyEducation #WordOrigins #Understand #MyFavouriteWords #TheOriginOfPhilippic #TheEtymologyOfPhilippic #StudyWithLogophilia #Education #HowToUnderstandPhilippic #WhatIsAPhilippic #PhilippicMeaning #PublicSpeaking

Understand “Philip” Through Etymology

Understand “Pandemic” Through Etymology

Understand “Corona” Through Etymology

The Etymology of “Corona”

Coronaviruses are a group of RNA viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, they cause mild to lethal respiratory tract infections. The name comes from the Latin “Corona”, meaning crown/wreath. These are so-called because they are surrounded by large, bulb-like structures, creating a solar corona (halo) like appearance.

Figures of Speech | #1 | Chiasmus

Chiasmus | As a figure of speech

Pronounced

Etymology

“Chiasmus comes from the Greek “chiasm” meaning “X”; or diagonal.

Meaning

Chiasmus is a rhetorical device, literally meaning “to shape like the letter Χ”, is a “reversal of grammatical structures in successive phrases or clauses – but no repetition of words”.

This speech follows a diagonal structure.

For instance, the following sentence from Socrates, 5th Century B.C.

“Bad men live that they may eat and drink, whereas good men eat and drink that they may live.”

Let’s break this down into:
1. parts in the sentence
2. arguments (X & Y) in the sentence.

Break-Up #1 | The Parts in the Sentence

Break-Up #2 | The Arguments in the Sentence

X = type of men  | Y = their purpose

“X do (something) so that they Y, whereas X do Y that they get something else.”

As per www.literarydevices.net, we should notice that the second half of this sentence is an inverted form of the first half, both grammatically and logically. What must also be noticed that this reversal was achieved without repeating the words across both parts of the sentence.

More Details

• Chiasmus should not be confused for antimetabole, which also involves a reversal of grammatical structures in successive phrases or clauses, but unlike chiasmus, it presents a repetition of words in an X-Y-Y-X configuration.
• E.g. “Live to eat; or eat to live.” would be the antimetabole way of saying the same thing, as it involves repetition of words in an X-Y-Y-X format

More Examples

1. “By day the frolic, and the dance by night.” — Samuel Johnson, The Vanity of Human Wishes (1794)
2. “Despised, if ugly; if she’s fair, betrayed.” — Mary Leapor, “Essay on Woman” (1751)

How to Cite This Logophilia Blog Post

If you want to cite this blog post from Logophilia in your research, choose one of the following formats.

MLA

Logophilia Education. https://logophilia.in/2020/04/10/figures-speech-1-chiasmus/ ‎. 11 April 2020. Dhruv Raj Sharma. <www.logophilia.in>

The Chicago Manual of Style

Logophilia Education. 2020. https://logophilia.in/2020/04/10/figures-speech-1-chiasmus/ ‎. Dhruv Raj Sharma. April 11. www.logophilia.in.

APA

Logophilia Education. (2020, April 11). https://logophilia.in/2020/04/10/figures-speech-1-chiasmus/ ‎. (D. R. Sharma, Producer, & Logophilia Education) Retrieved from Logophilia Education: www.logophilia.in